Clinical Pathology in Neurologic Disease
- Nervous System Introduction
- Overview of the Nervous System
- The Neurologic Evaluation
- History in Neurologic Disease
- Physical and Neurologic Examinations
- Clinical Pathology in Neurologic Disease
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis
- Imaging in Neurologic Disease
- Electrodiagnosis in Neurologic Disease
- Principles of Therapy of Neurologic Disease
Abnormalities of serum glucose, liver enzymes, BUN, bile acids, ammonia, electrolytes, or blood gases can occur with metabolic dysfunctions. Serum cholinesterase is decreased in acute organophosphate toxicity, and serum lead determinations are increased in lead toxicity. Serum thyroid and cortisol determinations and stimulation tests are useful to detect endocrinopathies. Serum titers or PCRs for viral, fungal, protozoal, and rickettsial organisms can be evaluated. Serum muscle enzymes, especially CK, may be increased in myopathies. Serum acetylcholine receptor antibodies can be detected in dogs and cats with myasthenia gravis, and type II M muscle antibody titers are used to confirm masticatory muscle myositis. Muscle and nerve biopsies are essential for diagnosis and characterization of many neuromuscular disorders. In some cases, brain biopsy is necessary to confirm and characterize an inflammatory or neoplastic process so that proper antimicrobial therapy, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy can be administered.
- Nervous System Introduction
- Overview of the Nervous System
- The Neurologic Evaluation
- History in Neurologic Disease
- Physical and Neurologic Examinations
- Clinical Pathology in Neurologic Disease
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis
- Imaging in Neurologic Disease
- Electrodiagnosis in Neurologic Disease
- Principles of Therapy of Neurologic Disease
Also of Interest
Test your knowledge
Laryngeal paralysis is a common disorder of older, large-breed dogs. Denervation of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle of the larynx causes the vocal folds and arytenoid cartilages to fail to abduct during inspiration, creating an upper airway obstruction. Although the etiology is usually unknown, trauma and neoplasia can cause laryngeal paralysis. Which of the following conditions can also cause laryngeal paralysis?