Not Found
Locations

Veterinary Manual

Find information on animal health topics, written for the veterinary professional.

Blood-Gas Reference Ranges

Also of Interest

Blood-Gas Reference Ranges

By Susan E. Fielder, DVM, MS, DACVP (Clinical Pathology), Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences (CVHS), Oklahoma State University

Blood-Gas Reference Ranges

Measure

Units

Dog

Cat

Cow

Horse

In Conventional (USA) Units

pH

7.31–7.42

7.24–7.40

7.35–7.50

7.32–7.44

HCO3

mEq/L

17–24

17–24

20–30

24–30

pCO2

mmHg

29–42

29–42

35–44

36–46

pO2

mmHg

85–95

85–95

92

94

In SI Units

HCO3

µmol/L

17–24

17–24

20–30

24–30

pCO2

kPa

3.86–5.60

3.86–5.60

2.67–3.99

4.67–6.13

pO2

kPa

11.3–12.66

11.3–12.66

12.26

12.53

Resources In This Article

Also of Interest

MManual

Test your knowledge

Foodborne pathogens have similar nutritional and environmental requirements that affect their ability to multiply. Food handlers can control these aspects to limit pathogen growth. For example, pathogens grow best when the temperature is 40°F and 140°F. In general, perishable foods should not be kept in this danger zone for more than how many hours?